![]() The official ATX specifications were released by Intel in 1995 and have been revised numerous times since. Dimensions of a full-size ATX board are 12 × 9.6 in (305 × 244 mm), which allows many ATX chassis to also accept microATX boards. Other standards for smaller boards (including microATX, FlexATX and mini-ITX) usually keep the basic rear layout but reduce the size of the board and the number of expansion slots. ATX is the most common motherboard design. It was the first major change in desktop computer enclosure, motherboard and power supply design in many years, improving standardization and interchangeability of parts. ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended) is a motherboard configuration specification developed by Intel in 1995 to improve on previous de facto standards like the AT design.Often the failure of one laptop component requires the replacement of the entire motherboard, which is usually more expensive than a desktop motherboard due to the large number of integrated components and their custom shape and size. This is one of the reasons that laptop computers are difficult to upgrade and expensive to repair. ![]() Laptop computers generally use highly integrated, miniaturized and customized motherboards. For example, an ATX case will usually accommodate a microATX motherboard. A case's motherboard and PSU form factor must all match, though some smaller form factor motherboards of the same family will fit larger cases. As of 2007, most desktop computer motherboards use the ATX standard form factor - even those found in Macintosh and Sun computers, which have not been built from commodity components. However, the motherboards used in IBM-compatible systems are designed to fit various case sizes. Motherboards are produced in a variety of sizes and shapes called computer form factor, some of which are specific to individual computer manufacturers.It is designed to work with AMD's Athlon 64 processor ATX motherboard size comparison rear is on left. This model was made by Foxconn in 2007, and follows the ATX layout (known as the "form factor") usually employed for desktop computers. Lesson Summary Motherboard for an Acer desktop personal computer, showing the typical components and interfaces that are found on a motherboard. Read How PCI Express Works on HowStuffWorks Tech.Read How PCI Works on HowStuffWorks Tech.Read How Motherboards Work on HowStuffWorks Tech.YouTube: Motherboard Jumpers and Connectors - CompTIA A+ 220-901: 1.2.YouTube: Motherboard Chipsets - CompTIA A+ 220-901: 1.2. ![]()
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